This is the twenty-ninth annual international Ph.D. course on the translational neurobiology of the pain system. The purpose of the course is to introduce different aspects of the neurobiology of the pain system and to initiate new co-operation in interdisciplinary pain research. A key challenge in pain research is to translate basic animal findings to relevant clinical scenarios, an vice versa. In fact, this is likely the main problem for the lack of efficient pain treatment. This year the course will focus on pain neuroplasticity and where possible linking preclinical models to experimental and clinical pain manifestations. This includes increased and decreased gain of pain mechanisms (e.g., sensitization and descending inhibitory control). Various models will be presented such as pain in osteoarthritis and neuropathies. Potential mechanisms may be outlined at various levels of the neuroaxis and psychophysically. The lectures will be given by staff from Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP, Aalborg University), and by invited international key scientists within the area.